Practical No.1

Hardware Network Commponent

NIC/Network Interface Card

A computer uses a network interface card (NIC) to become part of a network. The NIC contains the electronic circuitry required to communicate using a wired connection (e.g., Ethernet) or a wireless connection (e.g.,WiFi). A network interface card is also known as a network interface controller, network adapter, or Local Area Network (LAN) adapter. See Images

MODEM (modulator-demodulator)

A modem modulates outgoing digital signals from a computer or other digital device to analog signals for a conventional copper twisted pair telephone line and demodulates the incoming analog signal and converts it to a digital signal for the digital device. A box that we call a modem thus contains two different kinds of translators. There's a modulator (for transmitting digital signals out down the phone line in analog form) and ad e modulator (for receiving analog signals from the phone line and turning them back into digital form) See Images

Repeaters

A repeater connects two segments of your network cable. It retimes and regenerates the signals to proper amplitudes and sends them to the other segments. When talking about, Ethernet topology, you are probably talking about using a hub as a repeater. See Images

Server

A server is a computer program or a machine capable of accepting requests from clients and responding to them.[a] Their purpose may be to share data or hardware and software resources among clients. This architecture is called the client–server model. Typical computing servers are database servers, file servers, mail servers, print servers, web servers, game servers, and application servers.
See Images

Workstation/Client Computer

A client is a piece of computer hardware or software that accesses a service made available by a server.A workstation is a special computer designed for technical or scientific applications. Intended primarily to be used by one person at a time, they are commonly connected to a local area network and run multi-user operating systems. See Images

Crimping Tool

A crimping tool is a device used to conjoin two pieces of metal by deforming one or both of them in a way that causes them to hold each other. The result of the tool's work is called acrimp. A good example of crimping is the process of affixing a connector to the end of a cable. For instance, network cables and phone cables are created using a crimping tool (shown below) to join the RJ-45 and RJ-11 connectors to the both ends of either phone orCAT5 cable. See Images

Cable Tester

A cable tester is an electronic device used to verify the electrical connections in a cable or other wired assembly. Generally a cable tester consists of: A source of electric current, A volt meter, A switching matrix used to connect the current source and the voltmeter to all of the contact points in a cable. one of the most common types of cable testers used is for testing Cat5, Cat5e, and Cat6 network cables. See Images

Switches

A network switch (also called switching hub, bridging hub, officially MAC bridge) is a computer networking device that connects devices together on a computer network, by using packet switching to receive, process and forward data to the destination device. See Images

Network Hub

A network Hub also connects computers to each other and data trasmit in broadcast form. See Images

Router

A device that forwards data packets along networks. A router is connected to at least two networks, commonly two LANs or WANs or a LAN and its ISP.s network. Routers are located at gateways, the places where two or more networks connect. Routers use headers and forwarding tables to determine the best path for forwarding the packets, and they use protocols such as ICMP to communicate with each other and configure the best route between any two hosts. See Images

Cables/Medium

A data cable is any media that allows base band transmissions (binary 1,0s) from a transmitter to a receiver.

See Images

Network connectors

The network connector is the glue that binds a network of brokers. They are define the pathways between the brokers and are responsible for controlling how messages propagate throughout the network. See Images