Practical No.2

History of Computer

  1. Darks Age
  2. Middle Age
  3. Modern Age

Dark Age

ABACUS is a manual computing device consisting of a frame holding parallel rods strung with movable counters. The ABACUS , which was invented about 5000 year ago in Asia Minor and is still in use today and is considered the first computer this device allows user to make communications using a system of sliding beads arranged an a rack. Easily merchants used. The Abacus lost to importance it took nearly 12 countries, for the next significant advance in computing devices to emerge. See Images

Middle Age (Analytical Engine)

Charles Babbage, British professor mathematics is the man who invented the first computer in 1837. It was basically a mechanical type of calculator that also had a memory. The computer was powered by steam engine and used punched cards for programming. See Images

Modern Age (1940 to till now)

The First computers of modern age Mark-I in 1944 by Howard Aiken, here start modern ages of computer generation. Each generation of computer is characterized by a major technological development that functionally changed the way of computer further. See Images

First Generation (1941 to 1959)

Major invention: vacuum tube replace by relay system.

1. ENIAC (Electronic numerical integrator and calculator)
2. Magnetic tape for external devices
3. Machine language use.

Second Generation (1959 to 1965)

Major invention: transistor replace by vacuum tube.

1. Magnetic Disk Introduce.
2. Assembly Language.

Third Generation (1965 to 1970)

Major invention: Integrated circuit replace by transistor.

1. Increase magnetic disk capacity.
2. Monitor and keyboard use as I/O.
3. COBOL,FORTRAN, and RPG use as Computer Programming languages

Fourth Generation (1970 to 1990)

Major invention: Introduce Microprocessor.

1. Micro Computer.
2. Increase internal RAM and External RAM.

Fifth Generation (1990 to Till now)

Major invention:

1. Increase and changing Microprocessor Architecture.
2. Artificial Intelligence system.